Means and extremes in classical mathematics have to do with proportions. If A is to B as C is to D, we write A : B :: C : D. This is ordered so that A is greater than or equal to B and C is greater than or equal to D. A and D are …
The dialectic of extremes and means is a method of reasoning whereby one begins with extremes and reasons to means or vice versa. If one begins with means, these are considered as unanalyzed entities, attributes, propositions, etc. The goal is to work out the implications of them as principles or to analyze them into their …
A model is a realization of a mathematical formalism. So ordinary arithmetic is a model of ordinary algebra. That is, the algebra of the integers, the rational numbers, and the real numbers is realized by the arithmetic of the integers, the rational numbers, and the real numbers, respectively. Are there other models of ordinary algebra? …
