This post follows on the Gamma factor post here. The form of velocity addition based on the Lorentz transformation is related to a combination of additive and harmonic addition. Galilei velocity addition is Lorentz velocity addition is which equals In this way the Lorentz transformation attempts to combine arithmetic and harmonic addition.
The Michelson-Morley experiment, compared the longitudinal and transverse cases of reflected light, expecting to detect an ether wind (Figure 1). Figure 1. Michelson-Morley apparatus They explain: “Let sa … be a ray of light which is partly reflected in ab, and partly transmitted in ac, being returned by the mirrors b and c, along ba
The ancient Greeks defined ten means in terms of the following proportions (see here): Let a > m > b > 0. Then m represents (1) the arithmetic mean of a and b if (2) the geometric mean of a and b if (3) the harmonic mean of a and b if (4) the contraharmonic
This post follows others about logic, such as here. Purpose The purpose of logic is to ensure that one’s discourse makes sense. The most important part of making sense is avoiding contradictions, which would both affirm and deny a proposition. Some propositions may be affirmed in part and denied in part; that is different. The
The rates of motion for translational (linear) and rotational (angular) motion in the time domain and the distance domain are as follows: Time Domain Variable Translational Motion Rotational Motion Location x θ Velocity v = dx/dt ω = dθ/dt Acceleration a = dv/dt α = dω/dt Distance Domain Variable Translational Motion Rotational Motion Chronation z
The ground of each distinction is an indistinct mass or state or condition, a kind of whole without parts or at least without parts that have been discerned. Every instance of the whole is at first, an instance of one mass or state or condition. A unary distinction is a discernment of something out of
Everyone should understand the distinction between what is moral and what is not moral. I have written briefly about that here. What is legal is not necessarily moral. What is moral is not necessarily legal. What is the relation between the moral law and the civil law? That is something every society must decide for
Ratio Algebra Let us define an algebra of ratios. A ratio consists of two numeric expressions separated by a colon, and for clarity enclosed in parentheses, i.e., (a : b) with a, b ∈ ℝ. The expression on the left is the antecedent, and the expression on the right is the consequent. (0 : 0) is
The following is based on Lévy-LeBlond’s Galilei Group and Galilean Invariance, §2 (Nuovo Cimento, Jan. 1973). Let Ω be the complete Newtonian space, the points (events) of which we label by their coordinates in some complete Galilean frame, using the notation y = (x(t), z(s)). (1) The complete proper Galilei group G (or Galilei
Consider the mean between two quantities: The arithmetic mean is The harmonic mean is where which equals the gamma factor of the Lorentz transformation. The geometric mean is Then the factor γ2 transforms a harmonic mean into an arithmetic mean: The inverse γ factor transforms an arithmetic mean into a geometric mean: so that The
