Much discussion continues on the topic of “science and religion” but the concept of religion is vague or arbitrary so it is better to focus on “science and theology.” Christian theology in particular does have some relation to science.
Historians have documented the role that Christianity played in the rise of modern science. For example, the Judeo-Christian God does not act capriciously like Zeus, nor is He entirely beyond human comprehension, like the Allah. Rather, God works through laws of nature which can be discovered and understood by humans. Furthermore, because God is free to do whatever He pleases, Christians realized the only way to discover what He has done in nature was to observe it carefully.
So the laws of nature were understood as laws of God. But science gradually put God in the background more and more until nature itself (herself?) is seen as operating for all intents and purposes independently of God (whose existence has been questioned). The law-giver is treated as nature itself.
What about the design of nature? Is this understood as the design of God? It was until that was questioned in the 18th century. Especially since Darwin, nature itself is seen as not needing a personal or intelligent designer. The laws of nature are considered sufficient to generate the apparent designs in nature, and the designer (or creator) is treated as nature itself.
This came together in the 18th century “Enlightenment” period in which “God” was replaced by “Nature” (often capitalized). This continues in science to this day in which divine actions are excluded from science but Nature controls the universe.
From a theological perspective science today is completely legalistic. Wherever the laws of nature come from, they are the final word about the universe. There is nothing in this world but the outworking of laws.
Thus science is opposed to the Gospel, but not to the Law. It is often stated that science is consistent with creation as described in the Old Testament (Tanakh). Even if that is correct, that doesn’t make science consistent with the New Testament. There is no grace in science, no possibility that the consequences of the laws of nature could be forgiven, forgotten, or forborne.