space & time

Matters relating to length and duration in physics and transportation

4D Formulations of Newtonian Mechanics

Four-Dimensional Formulations of Newtonian Mechanics First we reproduce section 2 from Michael Friedman’s “Simultaneity in Newtonian Mechanics and Special Relativity” in Foundations of Space-Time Theories (ed. Earman et al., UMinn, 1977), p.405-407. Then we provide the dual. According to the spatio-temporal point of view, the basic object of both our theories is a four-dimensional manifold.

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Note

This blogger is focused on developing a new six-dimensional theory of time (an early version is posted here). The glossary is also being updated (see here). Good progress is being made, with the double frame and three-dimensional time aspect especially new. RG

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Composition order

Written compositions organized by temporal order are narratives. Items such as descriptions of people, places, or objects are organized as they occur to the narrator, for example, as the narrator takes apart an object or walks through a building or meets various people. This is a common method of composition but there are others. Spatial

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A theory of 6D length and duration space

Note: as the research develops this post will be updated. Introduction Experience shows motion takes place in three dimensions. There are two measures of the extent of motion: length and duration. The length of motion in three dimensions comprises three-dimensional length space. The duration of motion in three dimensions comprises three-dimensional duration space. Length and

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What is a clock?

What is a clock? it is a device that measures time, but what are the essentials of a clock? I submit these are the essentials of a clock: (1) A clock requires a uniform motion. Because only the kinematics (not the dynamics) are significant, a uniform rotation is acceptable. But because the result will be

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Space, time, and dimension

The post continues the ones here, here, and here. There are three dimensions of motion. The extent of motion in each dimension may be measured by either length or time (duration). There are three dimensions of length and three dimensions of time (duration) for a total of six dimensions. But there is no six-dimensional metric.

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Space and time as frames

An observer is a body capable of use as a measurement apparatus. An inertial observer is an observer in inertial motion, i.e., one that is not accelerated with respect to an inertial system. An observer here shall mean an inertial observer. An observer makes measurements relative to a frame of reference. A frame of reference

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